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Guédon,
Jean-Claude. (2001). In Oldenburg's Long Shadow: Librarians,
Research Scientists, Publishers, and the Control of Scientific
Publishing. ARL Proceedings, 138th Membership Meeting,
Creating the Digital Future, Toronto, May 2001. Retrieved
Aug. 10, 2004,from
http://www.arl.org/arl/proceedings/138/guedon.html
A very thorough analysis of the history of scholarly communications
from 1665 to the present day. Discusses how we arrived at
the present crisis in scholarly communications and the "subversive"
advent of open archives and open access.
Excerpt: "The
so-called "serial pricing crisis" has been with
us for a long time. Documented by librarians, denied by commercial
publishers, its reality has finally been established as common
knowledge, and the behavior of commercial publishers and a
few learned societies has been singled out as its major cause....
In the last 50 years, publishers have managed to transform
scholarly journals...into big business. Recently, because
of the advent of digitization and the Internet, the technical
system of scientific communication has undergone a profound
change that is still unfolding."
Harnad,
Stevan. (2003). For Whom the Gate Tolls? How and Why to Free
the Refereed Research Literature Online Through Author/Institution
Self-Archiving, Now. [American Scientist E-PRINT Forum].
Retrieved Aug. 2, 2004, from http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/resolution.htm
OR
http://cogprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/archive/00001639/01/resolution.htm
This
article provides excellent resources, e-links, history of
the movement, excellent references, links to organizations,
the economics and technology surrounding open access issues.
It's written by one of the founders of the Open Access movement.
If you read only one article on Open Access this should be
it.
Excerpt: " All refereed journals will soon be available
online; most of them already are. This means that anyone will
be able to access them from any networked [computer]. The
literature will all be interconnected by citation, author,
and keyword/subject links, allowing for unheard-of power and
ease of access and navigability. But there is still one last
frontier to cross before science reaches the optimal and the
inevitable: Just as there is no longer any need for research
or researchers to be constrained by the access-blocking restrictions
of paper distribution, there is no longer any need to be constrained
by the impact-blocking financial fire-walls of Subscription/Site-License/Pay-Per-View
(S/L/P) tolls for this give-away literature."
Harnad,
Stevan. (2003). On the Need to Take Both Roads to Open Access.
American Scientist E-PRINT Forum, 6 September. Retrieved
Aug. 10, 2004, from
http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Hypermail/Amsci/2995.html
This
link takes you to the American-Scientist-Open-Access-Forum,
a discussion list on Open Access, with massive number of messages
accessible by subject, author, date, thread, and attachments.
Visit it to see how the movement evolved since the late 90's.
Steven Harnad is probably the initiator of the discussion.
Harnad,
Stevan, and Brody, Tim. (2004). "Comparing the Impact
of Open Access (OA) vs. Non-OA Articles in the Same Journals."
D-Lib Magazine, 10(6). Retrieved Aug. 10, 2004, from
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june04/harnad/06harnad.html
Early indications tell that open access journals have the
same "impact" as closed access journals. But this
paper compares the impact in terms of citation counts, of
individual OA and non-OA articles appearing in the same non-OA
journals. It presents statistics that show that OA articles
are cited more often than non-OA articles. The authors found
"discernible difference" in terms of the frequency
with which an article is cited: that the advantage was in
favor of articles that their authors made OA available. This
paper argues that authors who want impact would benefit from
both self-archiving their work and publishing in open access
journals.
Hitchcock,
Steven at al. The impact of OAI-based search on access to
research journal papers. Retrieved Aug. 10, 2004, from
http://opcit.eprints.org/serials-short/serials11.html
The
Open Archives Initiative (OAI) provides the infrastructure
for expanding institutinal archives. This paper outlines why
such institutional archives are beneficial to researchers,
their institutions, funders, and to research itself.
Excerpt:
"Intuitively, if a product is useful and has both a priced
and a free version its total usage rate would be expected
to be higher than if there is only a priced version. New data
... show that higher usage of free papers leads directly to
higher citations and thus greater research impact. Institutional
archives need far more papers to be deposited, and one way
of bringing this about is to implement institutional and national
policies mandating the self-archiving of all funded research
output in open access archives. Authors need accessible online
sites in which to deposit their published papers, and users
need a means of discovering and evaluating those papers."
Lawrence,
S. (2001). Free online availability substantially increases
a paper's impact. Nature, 411 (6837): 521. Retrieved
August 2, 2004, from http://www.neci.nec.com/~lawrence/papers/online-nature01/
This
paper continues the argument that authors that publish their
research findings on the Internet increase the impact of their
research. Lawrence claims that articles freely available online
are more highly cited. Lawrence suggests that for greater
impact and faster scientific progress, authors and publishers
should aim to make research easy to access.
Matz,
Judith. (2001). Librarians Urged to Promote Open Archives.
ARL. Retrieved Aug. 2, 2004, from http://www.arl.org/scomm/guedonpr.html
Review
of Oldenburg's Long Shadow (cited above).
Excerpt: "Professor
Guédon proposes a new alliance between research scientists
and librarians to combat the "serial publishing crisis"
in which scientific journals have been priced out of the range
of many libraries. He is particularly interested in the potential
of networking technologies to improve scholarly communication.
ARL has published his paper to stimulate discussion and encourage
new thinking on the important issues he raises."
Suber,
Peter. (2003). Removing the Barriers to Research: An Introduction
to Open Access for Librarians, College & Research Libraries
News, 64, February, 92-94, 113. Retrieved August 2, 2004,
from
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/writing/acrl.htm
This
article explains the serials pricing crisis and why open access
is the solution. Excerpt: "The serials pricing crisis is
now in its fourth decade. We're long past the point of damage
control and into the era of damage. Prices limit access, and
intolerable prices limit access intolerably. Every research
institution in the world suffers from intolerable access limitations,
no matter how wealthy. Not only must libraries cope by cancelling
subscriptions and cutting into their book budgets, but researchers
must do without access to some of the journals critical to their
research."
Suber,
Peter. (2002). "Open Access to the Scientific Journal
Literature," Journal of Biology, 1, 1 (June 2002):
3f. Retrieved August 10, 2004, from http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/writing/jbiol.htm
Excerpt:
"Publishers adopt open access not to make a charitable
donation or political statement, but to provide free online
access to a body of literature, accelerate research in that
field, create opportunities for sophisticated indexing and
searching, help readers by making new work easier to find
and retrieve, and help authors by enlarging their audience
and increasing their impact.... [I]t turns out that open access
can cost much less than traditional forms of dissemination.
For journals that dispense with print, open access can cost
significantly less than traditional publication, creating
the compelling combination of increased distribution and reduced
cost."
UK
Serials Group. (2003). The Open Archives Initiative: Application
and exploitation. Retrieved Aug. 10, 2004, from
http://www.uksg.org/events/140503.asp
This
one-day seminar, May 14, 2003, focused on the application
and exploitation of the Open Archives Initiative Protocol
for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH). This seminar was designed
for those who wish to discover how the OAI protocol has been
applied within specific projects. The aim is to give an all-round
view of the implications of OAI as a workable solution to
the tensions in scholarly communication. These
citations are papers given at the UKSG seminar.
UN
WSIS: The World Summit on the Information Society. (2003).
Declaration of Principles. Building the information society:
a global challenge in the new Millennium. Retrieved August
2, 2004, from
http://www.itu.int/wsis/documents/doc_single-en-1161.asp
PDF format
http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/md/03/wsis/doc/S03-WSIS-DOC-0004!!PDF-E.pdf
Word format
http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/md/03/wsis/doc/S03-WSIS-DOC-0004!!MSW-E.doc
In
2001, the UN General Assembly endorsed the holding of the
World Summit on the Information Society to address the problem
of the knowledge gab between rich and poor countries. WSIS
supports Open Access as one way of achieving the Millennium
Development Goals.
Excerpt: "We, the representatives of the peoples of the
world, assembled in Geneva from 10-12 December 2003 for the
first phase of the World Summit on the Information Society,
declare our common desire and commitment to build a people-centred,
inclusive and development-oriented Information Society, where
everyone can create, access, utilize and share information
and knowledge, enabling individuals, communities and peoples
to achieve their full potential in promoting their sustainable
development and improving their quality of life, premised
on the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United
Nations and respecting fully and upholding the Universal Declaration
of Human Rights."
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